![scholar benefits of aural training in music scholar benefits of aural training in music](https://banddirectorstalkshop.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/6-Benefits-of-Adding-Rhythm-Ear-Training-to-Your-Band-Curriculum-P.png)
Pitch processing is even more crucial for understanding sounds under adverse listening conditions such as background noise ( Fu et al., 1998 Won et al., 2011).
![scholar benefits of aural training in music scholar benefits of aural training in music](https://www.wagnerpiano.com.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/ATIP.jpg)
In both speech and music, pitch provides spectral information to facilitate the perception of musical structure and the acquisition of speech understanding inferred from the pitch contour and prosody information ( Moore, 2008 Oxenham, 2012). It relies on spectral cues because it requires the mapping of frequencies onto meaningful speech or music ( Stangor and Walinga, 2014). Psychoacoustically, pitch perception is the ability to extract the frequency information of a complex stimulus. Understanding speech and other everyday sounds require the processing of the temporal and spectral information in sounds. Larger P2 amplitudes in musicians compared to non-musicians reflects musical training-induced neural plasticity. Additionally, N1 amplitudes to frequency changes were positively related to behavioral thresholds for frequency discrimination while enhanced P2 amplitudes were associated with a longer duration of musical training.Ĭonclusions: Our results demonstrate that auditory cortical potentials evoked by frequency change are related to behavioral thresholds for frequency discrimination in musicians. Dipole source analysis showed that P2 dipole activity to frequency changes was lateralized to the right hemisphere, with greater activity in the musician group regardless of the hemisphere side. P2 amplitudes in the musician group were larger than in the non-musician group. The scalp-recorded N1 amplitudes were modulated as a function of frequency change. Results: Compared to the non-musician group, behavioral thresholds in the musician group were lower for frequency discrimination in quiet conditions only.
![scholar benefits of aural training in music scholar benefits of aural training in music](https://dsmusic.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/DSMusic_PracticeExamBook-CD-MP3s-iPad_Group-1000px.jpg)
N1 and P2 amplitudes and latencies as well as dipole source activation in the left and right hemispheres were measured for each condition. Auditory-evoked responses were measured using a 64-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) system in response to frequency changes in ongoing pure tones consisting of 250 and 4,000 Hz, and the magnitudes of frequency change were 10%, 25% or 50% from the base frequencies. Behavioral data included frequency discrimination detection thresholds for no threshold-equalizing noise (TEN), +5, 0, and −5 signal-to-noise ratio settings. Methods: Behavioral and electrophysiological data were obtained from professional musicians and age-matched non-musician participants. In this study, we measured auditory cortical responses to frequency change in musicians to examine the relationships between N1/P2 responses and behavioral performance/musical training. It is known that musical expertise is associated with a range of auditory perceptual skills, including discriminating frequency change, which suggests the neural encoding of spectral features can be enhanced by musical training. Objective: The ability to detect frequency variation is a fundamental skill necessary for speech perception. 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, South Korea.1Laboratory of Brain & Cognitive Sciences for Convergence Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.Jihyun Lee 1 Ji-Hye Han 1 Hyo-Jeong Lee 1,2*